Effects of fiber orientation on tool wear evolution and wear mechanism when cutting carbon fiber reinforced plastics

The aim of the present paper is to reveal the influence of different fiber orientations on the tool wear evolution and wear mechanism. Side-milling experiments with large-diameter milling tools are conducted. A finite element (FE) cutting model of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) is established to get insight into the cutting stress status at different wear stages. The results show that different fiber orientations bring about distinct differences in the extent, profile and mechanism of tool wear. Severer wear occurs when cutting 45° and 90° plies, followed by 0°, correspondingly, the least wear is obtained when θ = 135° (θ represents the orientation of fibers). Moreover, the worn profiles of cutting tools when θ = 0° and 45° are waterfall edge, while round edge occurs when θ = 135° and a combined shape of waterfall and round edge is obtained when θ = 90°. The wear mechanisms under different fiber orientations are strongly dependent on the cutting stress distributions. The evolution of tool wear profile is basically consistent with the stress distribution on the tool surface at different wear stages, and the extent of tool wear is determined by the magnitude of stress on the tool surface. Besides, the worn edges produce an actual negative clearance angle, which decreases the actual cutting thickness and leads to compressing and bending failure of fibers beneath the cutting region as well as low surface qualities.     

缺陷检测中的标签噪声形态恢复方法及其应用

为了保证碳纤维材料产品的可靠性，消除各种可能存在的缺陷，有必要采取有效的手段对其质量进行检查。结合图像识别算法的基于X射线无损检测技术被认为是一种快速有效的解决方案。然而，加工材料的表面通常附有包含各种信息的标签，这些标签会在检测中对缺陷的识别造成干扰，甚至被误检为缺陷。主要研究基于图像特征的产品标签噪声恢复方法及其在缺陷检测中的应用，该方法可以有效地消除噪声，而不影响其余的图像信息，从而确保算法正确识别材料中的缺陷。     

碳纤维复合材料贮箱内压和低温承载行为研究

碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料具有轻质高强的优异特性，是液氢液氧燃料贮箱的理想材料。然而液氢液氧燃料贮箱在服役时要承受极低温度载荷，复合材料贮箱箱体的低温结构可靠性尚未可知。开展了碳纤维/环氧复合材料缠绕贮箱结构在温度和内压载荷下的变形及损伤研究，分别进行了常温/低温抗渗漏测试，结合应变测量、声发射监测、氦质谱检漏等方法分别研究了内压以及低温工况对复合材料贮箱的应变分布及损伤泄漏状态影响机制。研究结果表明，封头与圆筒区域交界处易产生应变集中，低温载荷导致复合材料局部小幅度基体损伤及纤维/基体界面脱粘，但并未影响贮箱箱体承压性能和气密性。本研究可为未来大型航天器减质设计提供参考。     

CFRP复合材料超声振动套孔分层抑制机理分析

针对碳纤维增强复合材料在传统钻孔过程易出现分层缺陷,采用金刚石空心套刀和超声振动加工技术进行了CFRP超声振动套孔分层抑制机理分析。理论分析了传统麻花钻钻孔与金刚石套刀普通套孔过程的分层机理及评价,超声振动套孔对分层抑制的机理,并且进行了实验验证。结果表明:相比于CFRP普通套孔,超声振动套孔能够有效提高套刀切削性能和排屑效果,降低钻削力12.5%～19.2%,抑制切屑粉尘黏附套刀和料芯堵塞套刀,抑制CFRP分层缺陷形成,改善孔表面质量。     

Lightweight Design of Spaceborne CFRP Rigid Antenna Reflector

In order to overcome the shortcoming of space-borne rigid antenna reflector made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) skins with aluminum honeycomb sandwich (SAHS) structure, a new type of full CFRP skin plus rib (SPR) structure ring-focused parabolic surface antenna reflector with the size of 2.5 m 1.9 m is designed. Under the condition that the original caliber, surface type, and interface remain unchanged, the main influence factors are designed and controlled. First, from the perspective of high stiffness, lightweight, and easy to form, a finite element simulation software is used to analyze and optimize the layout of the rib, the cross-sectional shape of the rib, the size of the rib, and the matching of the size and the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of the rib and the skin. Second, two structures are prepared by the autoclave molding process. Third, the weight and the surface precision root mean square (RMS) value are measured. The results show that the fundamental frequency of the SPR structure is 142.2 Hz, which is 3.5 Hz higher;the number of the new structural parts is reduced by 40%, and the forming process is greatly simplified. The total weight of the new structure is 11.9 kg, lighter 42.5%, indicating that the weight loss is obvious. The RMS value is 0.15 mm, which is slightly lower 0.01 mm but satisfies the accuracy requirement not greater than 0.3 mm. It is proved that the SPR structure reflector is a superior structure of the lightweight spaceborne antenna reflector.     

异氰酸酯硅烷处理石英布/ PSA 树脂复合材料的影响

设计并选用一种分子结构中带有异氰酸酯基的硅烷偶联剂对石英布进行了表面处理,对比了石英
纤维改性对含硅芳炔树脂复合材料部分力学、介电及耐热性能等的影响。结果表明:偶联剂处理石英纤维后,偶
联剂与石英纤维表面发生化学键合,明显改善石英纤维与含硅芳炔树脂的界面粘接,复合材料的层间剪切强度比
未处理的提高了24.7%,弯曲强度提升了12.4%,偶联剂的加入不会降低复合材料的Tg 和介电性能。     

注胶法修复5228A/ CF3031 层压板力学性能研究

针对5228A/ CF3031 层压板生产过程中可能产生的缺陷,设计并制造了孔径超差、不圆孔、孔径
分层、孔边打磨过分、边缘分层等5 种常见缺陷,并采用注胶法对5 种缺陷进行修复。采用ASTM 标准对无缺
陷试样、缺陷试样、修复试样的拉伸、压缩、弯曲、纵横剪切和层间剪切强度进行了测试,并对试样进行了光学显
微镜观察。研究表明孔径超差对拉伸、压缩、弯曲强度影响较大,缺陷试样强度分别下降了11. 1%、13. 8%、
14.4%;孔边打磨过分对纵横剪切强度影响较大,缺陷试样纵横剪切强度下降了25. 6%;边缘分层对层间剪切
强度影响较大,缺陷试样层间剪切强度下降了27. 3%。采用注胶法修复后,5 种缺陷试样的力学性能均有一定
程度的提高。相比而言,修复后层压板抵抗拉伸、压缩、层间剪切等小形变破坏的效果显著;抵抗弯曲、纵横剪
切等大形变破坏的效果不理想。     

国产高模碳纤维/环氧复合材料在太阳翼基板上的应用研究

基板是空间太阳电池阵电池电路的安装基础，“上下碳纤维复合材料网格面板+铝蜂窝芯+聚酰亚胺膜”是基板的典型结构。高模量碳纤维作为太阳翼核心关键原材料，必须实现自主可控，避免受制于人。为此，开展了国产高模碳纤维CCM40J-6K/环氧复合材料在太阳翼基板上的应用试验研究，提出了CCM40J-6K/环氧复合材料在产品应用上的宏观力学、微观网格抗拉脱、聚酰亚胺膜粘贴等三个关键环节，针对性地设计并实施了常温和高低温交变力学性能、网格面板节点结合力、聚酰亚胺膜粘贴性能以及基板结构热循环性能等5个方面的测试验证。验证结果表明：CCM40J-6K太阳翼基板各项力学性能与进口M40JB-6K相当，可以沿用原M40JB-6K相关基板成型工艺，单层及多层铺层基板试验件能够经受高低温交变及热循环恶劣环境，试验件试验前后力学性能无明显变化，且聚酰亚胺膜无脱粘现象，网格节点拉伸强度国产碳纤维网格面板相比进口碳纤维网格面板高18.9%。说明国产碳纤维CCM40J-6K能够应用于太阳翼基板结构研制。     

基于模式分集的星地激光通信技术研究

针对星地激光通信的大气湍流导致信号光损伤这一问题，实验搭建了一种能够补偿大气湍流的空间激光通信系统，采用模式分集接收结合最大比合并方法对大气湍流进行补偿，采用相干探测技术对高阶调制信号进行光电探测。在不同湍流强度下进行了传输实验，结果表明：模式分集空间激光通信系统的性能相比较于单模光纤接收系统有较大提升，随着湍流强度的增加，性能提升更加显著。在弱、中、强三种湍流强度以及相同目标误码率情况下，模式分集系统相比单模光纤接收系统分别降低了约4.2 dB、5.1 dB 和 5.5 dB的链路损耗。在弱、中、强三种湍流强度以及相同目标中断概率下，模式分集接收系统相比单模光纤接收系统分别降低了约3 dB、5.9 dB 和 4.3 dB的链路损耗。     

PBO纤维复丝制备与可靠性分析

通过PBO纤维复丝浸胶树脂配方研制与设计试样规格等方法,进行了PBO纤维复丝制备与可靠性研究。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征PBO表面形貌;利用X射线光电子能谱表征纤维表面与树脂配方化学特征;通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)对树脂配方进行固化动力学分析;利用动态热机械分析(DMA)对树脂配方热稳定性进行了表征;通过浇铸体力学性能分析树脂配方机械性能;通过PBO纤维复丝拉伸性能进行可靠性分析。结果表明:研制的FS-J树脂配方与PBO纤维匹配性高,浸润均匀,存储适用期长,端头补强牢固,制样周期短,复丝拉伸强度、弹性模量和延伸率数据平稳,波动性低,拉伸强度离散率3%,测试可靠性高,可保证高质量、高效率、高稳定性的进行PBO纤维力学性能评价。